Polygraph

Q: What is a polygraph examination?

A polygraph examination is a procedure that measures and records several autonomic physiological responses — that are independent from our conscious control — while a person answers a series of questions. The underlying principle is that deceptive answers produce physiological reactions that differ measurably from truthful ones. A trained examiner analyzes the recorded data to reach a conclusion about the truthfulness of the examinee’s responses.

Q: How accurate is a polygraph examination?

Research and field studies generally place the accuracy of polygraph examinations conducted by trained, certified examiners at between 85% and 95%, depending on the examination technique used and the skill of the examiner. Polygraph is not infallible, which is why professional examiners follow strict standardized procedures and why results are typically considered alongside other information rather than in isolation. The American Polygraph Association maintains ongoing research into examination validity and continues to refine best practices accordingly.

Q: What is the difference between the various types of polygraph examinations?

There are several types of polygraph examinations in use today, each of which can use a variety of formats. The three primary types are: specific issue tests, which are typically used for criminal questions; screening tests, which can test multiple topics and are used for pre-employment or general knowledge; and specified or hybrid tests, such as the post-conviction sexual offender test. The appropriate format within each type depends on the purpose of the examination and is determined by the examiner.

All polygraph examinations conducted by Passkey Investigative Services adhere to all required and suggested standards and guidelines of the American Polygraph Association (APA).

General Polygraph Services

Passkey Investigative Services began its polygraph branch with a primary focus toward its government contracts and Post-Conviction Sex Offender Testing (PCSOT) examinations. After careful consideration, we have decided to open our mission to private and personal needs. While our priority will remain with our original targets, we proudly now offer other polygraph examination services, dependent upon availability and need. As long as our resources are not stretched to the point of compromising the level of attention, preparation, and quality that every client deserves, we now will consider:

Pre-employment Testing
Contracted Law Enforcement Case Testing
Attorney Client Testing
Employment Issue Testing
Loss of Asset (Theft) Testing

Please contact us if you have any of the above needs to check our availability. Our high standard is non-negotiable for us, and we will not offer a service we cannot deliver at the highest level. We appreciate your understanding if we are not able to accept your request and encourage you to check back as our availability evolves.

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Post-Conviction Sex Offender Testing (PCSOT) Polygraph Services

Passkey Investigative Services provides professional PCSOT polygraph examinations for sex offender treatment providers and supervising officers across areas including New York City, Long Island, New York State, New Jersey and Connecticut.

What Is PCSOT?

Post-Conviction Sex Offender Testing (PCSOT) is a specialized branch of polygraph examination designed to support the supervision and treatment of adjudicated sex offenders. PCSOT examinations are an evidence-based tool used to:

Monitor compliance with supervision conditions
Facilitate disclosure in treatment settings
Identify potential re-offense risk
Support informed decision-making by treatment providers and supervising officers

PCSOT is distinct from standard polygraph testing and requires specialized training, certification, and a thorough understanding of sex offender treatment and management protocols.

Services Offered

Maintenance / Monitoring Examinations

Used by probation and parole officers to verify ongoing compliance with supervision conditions, including restrictions on contact, internet use, and whereabouts.

Sexual History Disclosure Examinations

Designed to support treatment by establishing a verified baseline of an offender’s sexual history — a critical step in effective, evidence-based treatment planning.

Specific Issue Examinations

Targeted examinations addressing a particular incident or allegation, used when treatment providers or supervising officers need clarity on a discrete concern.

Why Work With Passkey Investigative Services?

Specialized Experience

With sixteen years of experience as a certified federal polygraph examiner and having been certified in conducting PCSOT examinations since 2024, I bring a focused expertise essential for this field. I understand the treatment framework, the supervision environment, and what your team needs from each examination.

Law Enforcement Background

With over thirty years of federal law enforcement experience, my background means I understand how polygraph results interface with supervision requirements, case management, and the broader criminal justice system.

APA & ATSA Certified

I hold certifications through the American Polygraph Association (APA) and meet the standards set by the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers (ATSA) for PCSOT examiners. I am a current member of the APA, ATSA, and NY ATSA — giving you confidence that every examination is conducted to the highest professional standard.

Clear, Actionable Reporting

You’ll receive a thorough written report that is easy to interpret and ready to incorporate into treatment documentation or supervision records. I communicate findings clearly and am available to discuss results directly with your team.

Professional & Confidential

Every examination is conducted with strict attention to proper procedure, examinee rights, and confidentiality protocols — protecting your clients, your program, and your professional standing.

Who I Work With

My services are utilized by:

Sex Offender Treatment Providers — Therapists and treatment programs seeking verified disclosure and ongoing compliance data to inform treatment planning
Probation & Parole Officers — Supervising officers who need a trusted, efficient examiner to support caseload management and risk monitoring

I am committed to being a reliable partner for your program — responsive, professional, and consistent.

Accommodations

Examinations are conducted at my offices in Manhattan, NY or Poughkeepsie, NY, or at any other office that meets my minimum requirements at the client’s expense. I serve clients throughout New York, New Jersey and Connecticut and am available to discuss scheduling accommodations for your caseload.

Reporting Turnaround

Typical turnaround for written reports is five business days following the examination

All polygraph examinations conducted by Passkey Investigative Services adhere to all required and suggested standards and guidelines of the American Polygraph Association (APA).

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Frequently Asked Questions

How Polygraphs Work

What to Expect on Exam Day

Legal Use & Admissibility

Accuracy & Limitations

A polygraph examination is a procedure that measures and records several autonomic physiological responses — that are independent from our conscious control — while a person answers a series of questions. The underlying principle is that deceptive answers produce physiological reactions that differ measurably from truthful ones. A trained examiner analyzes the recorded data to reach a conclusion about the truthfulness of the examinee’s responses.

Research and field studies generally place the accuracy of polygraph examinations conducted by trained, certified examiners at between 85% and 95%, depending on the examination technique used and the skill of the examiner. Polygraph is not infallible, which is why professional examiners follow strict standardized procedures and why results are typically considered alongside other information rather than in isolation. The American Polygraph Association maintains ongoing research into examination validity and continues to refine best practices accordingly.

There are several types of polygraph examinations in use today, each of which can use a variety of formats. The three primary types are: specific issue tests, which are typically used for criminal questions; screening tests, which can test multiple topics and are used for pre-employment or general knowledge; and specified or hybrid tests, such as the post-conviction sexual offender test. The appropriate format within each type depends on the purpose of the examination and is determined by the examiner.

Contact

Polygraph

​​​Post-Conviction Sex Offender Testing (PCSOT) Polygraph Services

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What Is PCSOT?

Services Offered

Maintenance / Monitoring Examinations

Sexual History Disclosure Examinations

Specific Issue Examinations

Why Work With Passkey Investigative Services?

​

Specialized Experience

Law Enforcement Background

APA & ATSA Certified

Clear, Actionable Reporting

Professional & Confidential

Who I Work With

Accommodations

Reporting Turnaround

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a polygraph examination?

How accurate is a polygraph examination?

What is the difference between the various types of polygraph examinations?

Post-Conviction Sex Offender Testing (PCSOT) Polygraph Services